Illustration of a neoantigen vaccine by Replimune, development of which is currently a key objective of immuno-oncology. Oncolytic immunotherapy creates a powerful tumor neoantigen vaccine unique to a specific patient and directly in situ. Natural, innate immune responses in the patient are thus enhanced by Tumor selective virus replication. Normal immune response is enhanced by a fuller array of neoantigens at the site of a tumor. This involves TLR and STING signaling, creating systemic vaccination and systemic impact.